Profile
Francisco de Miranda
Revolutionary
Male
Born
Mar 28, 1750
Hometown
Caracas
Died
Jul 14, 1816
Death Place
Cádiz
Other Names
El Precursor
Sebastián Francisco de Miranda Rodríguez, commonly known as Francisco de Miranda, was a Venezuelan revolutionary. Although his own plans for the independence of the Spanish American colonies failed, he is regarded as a forerunner of Simón Bolívar, who… Read More
News + Updates
Browse recent news and stories about Francisco de Miranda.
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Regreso Merenguero El Diario De HoyGoogle News - Aug 28, 2011
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Hometown Happenings 0827 28 Tbo.ComGoogle News - Aug 27, 2011
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Francisco De Miranda Y Las Cortes De Cádiz Qué.EsGoogle News - Aug 26, 2011
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Laura De Castro Tribuna De ToledoGoogle News - Aug 25, 2011
Timeline
Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of Francisco de Miranda.
CHILDHOOD
1750
Birth
Born in 1750.
TWENTIES
1771
21 Years Old
Miranda, who had bought himself a commission as a Captain of the Spanish Army around 1771 (something not unusual in the European armies at the time), became interested in the American Revolutionary War, while serving as Captain of the Aragon Regiment and aide-de-camp to General Juan Manuel de Cajigal y Monserrat, (1739–1811).
THIRTIES
1781
31 Years Old
Under Cajigal, Miranda participated in the 1781 Battle of Pensacola, which saw British West Florida fall into Spanish hands, and was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.
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1783
33 Years Old
He later returned to the United States in 1783, where he met, among others, George Washington, Thomas Paine, Alexander Hamilton, Henry Knox, and Thomas Jefferson, embarking from Boston for England on December 15, 1784.
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1789
39 Years Old
The attempts to abduct Miranda by the diplomatic representatives of Spain failed as the Russian Ambassador in London, Semyon Vorontsov, declared on August 4, 1789 to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds, that Sebastian (Francisco) de Miranda, although a Spanish subject, was a member of the Russian diplomatic mission in London at the service of H. R. H. Empress Catherine II of Russia.
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FORTIES
1790
40 Years Old
Miranda made use of the Spanish-British diplomatic row known as the Nootka Crisis in February 1790 to present to some British Cabinet ministers his ideas about the independence of Spanish territories in South America.
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1791
41 Years Old
From 1791, Miranda took an active part in the French Revolution.
1792
42 Years Old
In Paris, he befriended the Girondists Jacques Pierre Brissot and Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve, and he briefly served as a general in the section of the French Revolutionary Army commanded by Charles François Dumouriez, fighting in the 1792 campaign in the Low Countries.
Miranda was first arrested in April 1793 on the orders of Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville, Chief Prosecutor of the Revolution, and accused of conspiring against the republic with Charles François Dumouriez, the renegade general.
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1794
44 Years Old
Miranda seems to have survived by a combination of good luck and political expediency: the revolutionary government simply could not agree what to do with him. He remained in La Force even after the fall of Robespierre in July 1794, and was not finally released until the January of the following year.
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1797
47 Years Old
He reappeared after being given permission to remain in France, though that did not stop his involvement in yet another monarchist plot in September 1797.
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1798
48 Years Old
With no more illusions about France, or the Revolution, he left for England in a Danish boat, arriving in Dover in January 1798.
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FIFTIES
1805
55 Years Old
…
In November 1805 Miranda travelled to New York, where he rekindled his acquaintance with Colonel William S. Smith, who introduced him to merchant Samuel G. Ogden (who would later be tried, but acquitted, for helping organize Miranda's expedition).
With informal British help, Miranda led an attempted invasion of the Captaincy General of Venezuela in 1806.
1808
58 Years Old
…
In 1808 a large military force to attack Venezuela was assembled and placed under the command of Arthur Wellesley, but Napoleon's invasion of Spain suddenly transformed Spain into an ally of Britain, and the force instead went there to fight in the Peninsular War.
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LATE ADULTHOOD
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An idealist, he developed a visionary plan to liberate and unify all of Spanish America but his own military initiatives on behalf of an independent Spanish America ended in 1812.
1816
66 Years Old
He was handed over to his enemies and four years later, in 1816, died in a Spanish prison.
… Read More
Original Authors of this text are noted on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_de_Miranda.
Text is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.
Text is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.